Table of Contents

Clinical Presentation

Epidemiology and Natural history

Clinical Manifestations

Imaging

Diagnosis

Stone analysis

Biochemical evaluation

General Principles on the management of stones

Shock wave lithotripsy

Calcium Stones

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Idiopathic hypercalciuria

Genetic basis of IH

Pathogenesis of IH

Pathogenetic models of IH

Treatment of IH

Renal tubular acidosis

Low urine citrate

Hyperoxaluric States

Hyperuricosuria

Uric Acid Stones

Gout

Malignancy

Gastrointestinal disorders

Drug-induced

Idiopathic

Infection Stone

Cystine Stone

References